Crankpin refinishing device



Jan. 7, 1958 R. F. BECKER 2,818,685 CRANKPIN REFINISHINQ DEVICE Filed Nov. 7, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. RODGER F. BECKER BY 3 w M W ATTORNEY 1958 R. F. BECKER 2,818,685

CRANKPIN REFINISHI-NG DEVICE Filed Nov. '7, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. RODGER F. BECKER ATTORN Y Jan. 7, 1958 R. F. BECKER 2,818,685

CRANKPIN REFINISHING DEVICE Filed Nov. 7, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 l9 l- YHI 69 II I 5 94 as X INVENTOR.

. l5 RODGER F. BECKER /3 5 8 BY w ATTORNEY United States Patent CRANKPIN REFINISHING DEVICE Rodger F. Becker, Kalamazoo, Mich.

Application November 7, 1955, Serial No. 545,177

Claims. (Cl. 51-5) This invention relates in general to an apparatus for turning the crankpin of a large crankshaft and, more particularly, to an adjustable type thereof which can be mounted upon said crankshaft for turning and honing said crankpin without removing said crankshaft from its engine.

In order to turn and hone a scored or out-of-round crankpin, it has usually been necessary, heretofore, to remove the entire crankshaft from its engine. Such removal consumes a great deal of time, especially where large engines are involved, and the turning operation requires a large and expensive lathe. In the case of engines in seagoing vessels, for example, the necessary lathe may be unavailable. As a result, the crankshaft must be removed and replaced or it must be operated in its out of-round condition, thereby subjecting the engine to further possible injury.

It is recognized that other types of devices have been suggested for truing and/ or refinishing a crankpin of a large crankshaft without removing the crankshaft from its engine, but insofar as I am aware, these devices have been relatively unsatisfactory for a variety of reasons. Some of these devices, which have utilized a grinding means for smoothing and truing the crankpin, have the unacceptable disadvantage of depositing a substantial amount of abrasive particles within the engine under such circumstances that it is virtually impossible to collect or remove such particles. Such abrasive particles include pieces of metal ground from the crankpin, as well as pieces of grit from the grinding wheel. If such particles are left within the engine, they will score and damage the bearing surfaces, including the main bearing journals which clanrot normally be refinished without removing the cranks a t.

Where grinding wheels are used, said wheels and their supporting arbors must be relatively small to fit within the crankcase. This results in limited grinding pressures, inaccurate adjustment due to wear, and irregularities in the crankpin surface. Also, the grinding wheels must be continually trued and, even when they are true, they will not hold close tolerances. Rotational speed limitations prevent the effective use of large abrasive stones mounted upon a frame and rotated around the crankpin.

In order to meet this problem, I have devised a dual mechanism which first turns the crankpin in the general manner of a lathe and then bones the :surface. The lathe operation is sufiiciently slow as to produce relatively large pieces of material which drop into a collector located beneath the crankpin. Any smaller particles produced either by the truing or the honing operation are, due to said relatively slow rotation, easily controlled by applying a small amount of liquid to the crankpin. Thus, my device can be safely utilized within an engine for rapidly and effectively turning and truing a crankpin therein and then polishing the surface to a high degree of perfection, such being accomplished with a high degree of convenience, efficiency and safety to the engine.

2,818,685 Patented Jan. 7, 1958 Accordingly, a primary object of this invention has been the provision of a portable apparatus for turning and honing the crankpin of a large crankshaft without removing said crankshaft from its engine.

A further object of this invention has been the provision of an apparatus, as aforesaid, which will true and smooth the crankpin of a large crankshaft without releasing any discernible amount of abrasive dust or other small, unrecoverable particles within the engine.

A further object of this invention has been the provision of an apparatus, as aforesaid, wherein the turning operation is sufficiently slow to produce waste materials of a relatively large size, which can be easily collected and removed, and wherein the honing operation either produces no waste particles at all or only such particles as are so small as to be controlled or carried away by a liquid applied to the crankpin.

A further object of this invention has been the provision of an apparatus, as aforesaid, in which the initial operation is a turning operation employing a cutting tool and the finishing operation is a honing operation.

A further object of this invention has been the provision of an apparatus, as aforesaid, in which the turning and the honing parts thereof may be operated independently of each other or simultaneously, as desired, to meet operating requirements.

A further object of this invention has been the provision of an apparatus, as aforesaid, which is adjustably mountable upon the webs of the crankshaft at the opposite ends of the particular crankpin being refinished by said apparatus, said apparatus including a turning and honing machine rotatably supported for movement about an axis coinciding with the axis of said crankpin.

A further object of this invention is the provision of an apparatus, as aforesaid, including a centering chuck for effecting concentricity of the rotational axis of said turning and honing machine with the axis of said crankpm.

A further object of this invention is the provision of an apparatus, as aforesaid, which is compact in size, which can be readily mounted upon said crankshaft by any person capable of operating a conventional lathe, and which can refinish a crankpin at least as satisfactorily and efficiently as the much larger and much more expensive lathes requiring the complete removal of the crankshaft for their use.

Other objects and purposes of this invention will become apparent to persons familiar with this type of equipment upon reading the following specification and examining the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation view of a fragment of a crankshaft, including a crankpin and a pair of adjacent crankwebs, and showing a centering chuck mounted upon said crankpin.

Figure 2 is a side elevation view of said fragment of a crankshaft and said centering chuck shown in Figure 1, in addition to an adapter mounted uponone of said webs.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III,III of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional view substantially as taken along the line IV-IV of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V of Figure 3. i V

Figure 6 is a side elevation view of said crankshaft fragment, with a pair of adapters mounted upon the webs thereof, and an aligning tool disposed between, and supported upon, said adapters.

Figure 7 is a side elevation view of the apparatus to which this invention relates, mounted upon said crankshaft fragment, which has been rotated degrees about its axis from its Figure 2 position.

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a sectional view taken along the line XI-XI of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a sectional view taken along the line X-X of Figure 8.

Figure 11 is a sectional view substantially as taken along the line XI-XI of Figure 8.

Figure 12 is a sectional view taken along the line XIIXII of Figure 9.

Figure 13 is a sectional view taken along the line XIII-XIII of Figure 7, and rotated 180 clockwise.

Figure 14 is a sectional view taken along the line X[VX[V of Figure 13, and rotated approximately 45 clockwise.

Figure 15 is a sectional view taken along the line XV-XV'of Figure 13.

For the purpose of convenience in description, the terms inner, outer and derivatives thereof, refer to the rotational axis of the turning and honing machine, which forms a part of the apparatus to which this invention relates. The terms interior, exterior, and derivatives thereof, refer to a plane midway between, and parallel with, the crankpin webs shown in Figure 1.

General description As shown in Figures 1, 2, 6 and 7, the apparatus 10, to which this invention relates, is comprised of a pair of substantially similar adapters 11 and 12, which are adjustably mountable upon the peripheries of a pair of crankshaft webs 13 and 14 disposed at the opposite, axial ends of the crankpin 15 upon which the turning and honing operation is to be performed. The adapters 11 and 12 are provided with eccentric bearing rings 16 and 17 (Figures 4 and 15), which extend interiorly from their opposing faces, the eccentricity of said rings with respect to said adapters being equal (that is, equal within the tolerances required for the spacing of the axis of crankpin 15 from the common axis of the crankshaft bearings) to the eccentricity of the crankpin 15 with respect to the crankshaft journals 18. The rings 16 and 17 are located concentrically with the axis of the crankpin 15, one at a time, by means of the centering chuck 21. Before the adapters 11 and 12 are firmly secured in position upon the webs 13 and 14, the cylindrical aligning tool 22 (Figures 6) is disposed between said adapters 11 and 12 so that it snugly and simultaneously embraces the rings 16 and 17, thereby locating them concentric with each other, as well as with the crankpin 15. The adapters 11 and 12 are then locked in position upon the webs 13 and 14, respectively, by means such as the lock studs 23, after which said aligning tool is removed. A circular turning and honing machine 19 is then rotatably mounted upon the rings 16 and 17 between the webs 13 and 14.

The apparatus 10 (Figure 7) is designed particularly for use where the ends of the crankshaft 18 are inaccessible, as where said crankshaft is not removed from its machine. Thus, the adapters 11 and 12, the machine 19, the centering chuck 21, and the aligning tool 22 are each comprised of a pair of separable and complementary, semi-circular segments, which segments, except in the case of the machine 19, are substantially similar. The machine 19 has a housing 20 comprised of a turning segment 24 (Figure 8) containing a turning tool unit 25, and a honing segment 26 (Figure 13) containing a honing tool unit 27. The turning tool unit is supported within said turning segment 24 for reciprocable movement at a relative low rate of traverse between the axial sidewalls of the housing 20. The honing tool unit 27 is supported within the honing segment 26 for reciprocable movement between said housing sidewalls, preferably at a much faster rate of traverse than that of the said turning tool unit. Said turning and honing tool units are circumferentially spaced from each other and are independently operable and adjustable.

Detailed construction The centering chuck 21 (Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4) is comprised of an inner ring 28 (Figure 3), snugly and rotatably journaled within a concentric outer ring 29, the bore of said inner ring 28 being somewhat larger than the diameter of the crankpin 15. Said inner and outer rings 28 and 29, respectively, are both divided into semi-circular segments having flanges 31 and 32 along their respective adjoining edges, and extending from their interior (rightward as appearing in Figures 1, 2 and 5) faces, which are held together by means such as the bolts 33. The bore of the outer ring 29 (Figure 4) is provided with an annular, concentric groove 34 (Figure 4) into which the external gear teeth 35 (Figure 5) located on the periphery of the inner ring 28 are disposed. This arrangement, among other things, prevents axial displacement of the rings 28 and 29 with respect to each other. An adjustment pinion 36 is disposed within a pinion chamber 37 in said outer ring 29 so that its teeth will engage the gear teeth 35 on the inner ring 28. Said pinion 36 is mounted upona shaft 38 which extends through the interior (rightward as appearing in Figures 1, 2 and 5) face of said outer ring 29, where it is manually engageable to rotate pinion 36 and thereby effect a counter-rotation of said inner and outer rings 28 and 29, respectively.

At least three centering arms 39 are pivotally supported upon the exterior (leftward as appearing in Figures 1, 2 and 5) side of the outer ring 29 for movement about axes parallel with, and equidistant from, each other and the axis of said outer ring. Said arms are of uniform length and their inner ends are engageable with the crankpin 15, as shown in Figure 3. Each arm 39 is provided with a slot 41 through which an actuation pin 42, which is secured to the inner ring 28, may extend. The number of actuation pins 42, here three, will correspond to the number of centering arms 39, and such number may exceed three. Said actuation pins are disposed equidistant from each other and from the axis of the inner ring 28. Thus, counter-rotation of said inner and outer rings will cause the free, inner ends of said arms to move toward, or away from, the crankpin 15, depending upon the relative direction of movement of said rings.

As shown in Figure 4, the centering arms 39 are disposed snugly adjacent to the web 13. Normally, there is very little or no wear on the crankpin 15 adjacent to the webs thereof because of the chamfer, not shown, on the crankpin bearing sleeve. Thus, the centering arms 39 will normally engage a part of the crankpin 15 which is most likely to remain in round.

Turning now to the adapters 11 and 12 (Figures 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7), said adapters may be substantially exact mirror images of each other. Thus, a detailed description will be given of the adapter 11 and such will be understood to apply in substance to the adapter 12, unless specifically stated to the contrary. Said adapter 11 has a heavy, circular mounting ring 43, through which a plurality of uniformly spaced and radially disposed lock studs 23 are threadedly received. The bore of said mounting ring 43 is somewhat larger than the periphery of the crankshaft web 13 to allow for adjustment therebetween.

A bearing ring 16 (Figures 2 and 3) is mounted upon, and extends interiorly from, the interior face of the mounting ring 43 and is eccentric with said mounting ring. In this embodiment, such mounting is accomplished by casting the ring 16 integral with the mounting ring 43. The amount of such eccentricity is approximately equal to the eccentricity between the crankpin 15 and the crankshaft journal 18. Said bearing ring 16 has internal gear teeth 44 (Figures 3, 5 and 14), for purposes appeering hereinafter, which aresnug'ly engageable with the periphery 53 (Figures 1, 3, and5) of the'centering chuck 21. Because of this snug engagement, which occurs during the centering operation described hereinafter, the centering chuck 21 is provided with a pair of brackets 45 and pulling bolts 46 threadedly received through said brackets for engaging said adapter 11 and pulling said chuck 21 away from the adapter, in the manner of a shaft puller, after the adapter 11 has been mounted upon the web 13. i

As shown in Figure 3, the adapter 11 is divided, along a plane defined by the parallel axes of both said mounting ring 43 and said bearing ring 16, into two complementary and semi-circular segments 47 and 48. Said segments 47 and 48 are separably held together by bolts 49 extending through flanges 51, which extend radially from the mounting ring portions of said segments 47 and 48.

The adapter 12 differs from the adapter 11, in this particular embodiment, in only one material respect, that is, the bearing ring 17. Although the bearing rings'16' and 17 have identically the same internal and external diameters, the internal surface of the bearing ring 16 is provided with the gear teeth 44. The external, circular surfaces of the bearing rings 16 and 17 may be provided with bushings 52 (Figure 14) for reasons appearing hereinafter. Figure 5 illustrates the manner in which the inside surface of the ring 16 engages the periphery 53 of the outer ring 29 on the centering chuck 21. Ring 17 is arranged similarly in mirror image.

The aligning tool 22 (Figure 6) is comprised of a pair of substantially identical, semi-circular and complementary shells having webs 54 at the opposite ends of each, through which bolts 55 may extend for securing said shells together. The aligning tool 22 is utilized, after the two adapters 11 and 12 have been independently and tentatively positioned by means of the centering chuck 21 upon' their respective webs 13 and 14, for the purpose of positioning the'bearing rings 16 and 17 exactly co-axial with each other. The aligning tool 22 accomplishes this concentricity by simultaneously and snu-gly engaging the peripheral surfaces of the bushings 52. I

The turning and honing machine 19 (Figures 7 through 15, inclusive) has a circular housing 20 comprised of a turning segment 24 and a honing segment 26, as mentioned hereinabove, which are semi-circular and substantially similar in structure. The segments 24 and 26 are provided with parallel flanges 56 and 57, respectively, through which bolts 58 extend (Figure 7) for the purpose of securing said segments 24 and 26 together. The turning segment 24 (Figures 7 through 12) is comprised'of a pair of parallel, semicircular disk segments 61 and 62, which are so spaced that the distance between their respective exterior surfaces is slightly less than the distance between the opposing interior faces of the bearing rings 16 and 17 when the adapters 11 and 12 are in position upon the webs 13 and 14. The honing segment 26 (Figures 13, 14 and 15) is comprised of a pair of parallel, semicircular disk segments 63 and 64, which, when said flanges 56 and 57 are secured together by the bolts 58, are substantially coplanar with the disk segments 61 and 62, respectively. Segments 61 and 62 combine with the segments 63 and 64, respectively, to provide the circular side walls 65 and 66 of the machine housing :20. The side walls 65 and 66 are provided with annular flanges 67 and 68 (Figure 14), which extend from the exterior sides thereof for simultaneously and snugly, but slidably, engaging the bushings 52 on the bearing rings 16 and 17. Likethe disk segments, the annular flanges 67 and 68 are divided into semi-circular elements, which are secured to their'respective disk segments. An external ring gear 69 (Figures 7, 8 and 10) is comprised of a pair of semicircular segments, which are secured upon the peripheral the segments 62 and 64 thereof.

The turning tool unit 25 (Figures 7 through 12), is comprised of a tool mount 71 within which the tool bits 72 are supported and upon which an adjustment device 73 is mounted for positioning the tool bits 72 with respect to the rotational axis of the machine 19. The tool bits 72 may be of any desired type, generally of the kind used on a lathe, effective for turning the particular material from which the crankpin is made. The tool mount 71 (Figures 8 and 10) is slidably supported upon the guide rod 74, which extends between, and is secured perpendicularlv to, the segments 61 and 62. The tool mount 71 also slidably embraces a drive rod 75 which is parallel with the guide rod 74 and rotatably supported at its ends in the segments 61 and 62 by any conventional means, such as the bearings 76. The drive rod 75 is provided with a counter-spiralling groove 77 intermediate the ends thereof. Said groove 77 (Figure 12) is engaged by a groove follower 78 which is slidably disposed in a chamber 79 for movement toward and away from the axis of said drive rod 75. The chamber 79 is located in a boss 81 (Figures 8 and 12) disposed on the trailing end of the tool mount 71 with reference to the direction of movement of the tool unit 25 during operational rotation. of said machine 19. The follower 78 is releasably held in position within the groove 77 by means of a spring 82 within the chamber 79. The groove 77 and follower 78 provide a conventional, reciprocating drive wherein the follower shifts from one helical track to the other at the ends of each stroke. Thus, unidirectional rotation of the drive rod 75 within its bearings 76 causes the tool mount 71 to be reciprocated lengthwise of the crankpin. The disk segments 61 and 62 are relieved adjacent to said tool mount 71, thereby permitting the lower end of said tool mount 71 to reciprocate between the webs 13 and 14, whereby the tool bits 72 (Figure 10) are moved across their respective portions of the surface of the crankpin 15. The adjustment device 73 provides means, which may be of a conventional type, for urging the tool bits 72 downwardly toward said crankpin 15 at the will of the operator.

A drive pinion 83 (Figure 8, 9 and 10) is secured upon, and is rotatable with, the drive rod 75 adjacent to the segment 62. Said pinion 83 is peripherally engaged (Figure 8) by an idler gear 84 rotatably mounted upon the interior side of disk segment 62 by means of a stub shaft 85. Said idler pinion 84 is peripherally engaged by a driven pinion 86 supported upon, and rotatable with, a shaft 87, which shaft is parallel with the drive rod 75 and rotatably supported upon, and between, the disk segments 61 and 62. A helical gear 88 is mounted upon, and rotatable with, the shaft 87 intermediate the ends thereof, and is peripherally engaged by the worm 89. The worm 89 is mounted upon a worm shaft91 rotatably supported within the frame 92, which frame is supported upon, and between, the segments 61 and 62. The shaft 91, which lies in a plane perpendicular to the drive rod 75, has a helical gear 93 secured thereto, which peripherally engages a worm 94 (Figures 8 and 11) mounted upon, and rotatable with, the worm shaft 95. Said Worm shaft 95 is parallel with the drive rod 75, The worm shaft 95 is rotatably supported at one end in the bearing 96 mounted upon the segment 62. The other end of said worm shaft 95 supports a shift pinion 97 (Figure 11), which is slidable lengthwise of said shaft 95 and rotatable therewith. The pinion 97 has a collar 98 secured there: to on its interior side adjacent to said worm 94 for rotatably supporting the adjacent end of the worm shaft 95 within a bushed opening 99 in the segment 61 (Figure 11). The shift pinion 97 is engageable with the internal gear teeth 44 on the bearing ring 16. u

The collar 98 has an annular groove 101 for slidably receiving a shift fork 102 which is adjustably, and axially on the shift fork 102, said fork may then be moved axially along the rod 103 for effecting engagement, or disengagement, between the pinion 97 and the gear teeth 44 on the bearing ring 16, after which the bolt 104 is then locked in position on the rod 103.

The pinion 97, the worm gears 89 and 94, the helical gears 88 and 93, and the pinions 83, 34 and 86, all combine to convert the relatively fast peripheral speed of the bearing ring 16 into the relatively slow peripheral speed of the drive rod 75. In this particular embodiment thereduction is approximately 1800 to 1, thereby causing said tool mount 71 to move between the segments 61 and 62 at the approximate rate of a few thousandths of an inch per second. The shift fork 102 and collar 98 engageable thereby are primarily provided for withdrawing the pinion 97 from the path of the bearing ring 16 when the machine 19 is being removed from between the adapters 11 and 12, as indicated in Figure 11.

The honing segment 26 (Figures 7, 13 14 and 15) is comprised of a hone mount 108, which is slidably supported upon a pair of parallel guide rods 109 and 110,

which rods are secured perpendicularly upon, and between,

the segments 63 and 64. A drive rod 111 (Figure 15), which may be substantially identical to the drive rod 75 (Figures and 12), is parallel with the guide rods 109 and 110 and extends through the hone mount 108 therebetween. The hone mount 108 supports a plurality of hones 112, of any convenient, conventional type, which may be changed as desired or required. The hones 112 may be continuously urged against the crankpin by springs 113 (Figure 15) Within said hone mount 108. A counter-spiralling groove 114 (Figure 15 in the drive rod 111 is engaged by a groove follower, which may be identical with the groove follower 78 (Figure 12) and which is housed in a boss 115 (Figure 13) on the trailing end of the hone mount 108.

A drive pinion 116 is mounted upon, and rotatable with, the drive rod 111 adjacent to the segment 64 (Figures 13 and 15). Said drive pinion 116 is peripherally engaged by an idler pinion 117 rotatably supported upon the interior side of the segment 64 by the stub shaft 118. The idler 117 is peripherally engaged by the exterior pinion 119 of the dual idler 121, which also has an interior pinion 122. Said pinions 119 and 122 of the idler 121 rotate together upon the dead shaft 123 which is secured upon, and between, the segments 63 and 64 parallel with the drive rod 111. The interior pinion 122 is peripherally engageable by a large shift pinion 124 which is rotatable with, but slidable lengthwise of, the

shaft 125. A small shift pinion 126, which is secured to, and rotatable with, the first shift pinion 124 (Figure 14), is somewhat smaller in diameter than the shift pinion 124 and engageable with the idler pinion 117 when,-and only when, the shift pinion 124 is disengaged from the interior pinion 122 of the dual idler 121. The simultaneous shifting of the pinions 124 and 126 is effected by the shift fork 127 supported upon the fork rod 128. One end of the shaft 125 is rotatably supported in the segment 64. The other end of the shaft 125 slidabiy supports a shift pinion 129 which has an integral collar 131 and may be substantially identical to the shift pinion 97 (Figure 11) described above in connection with the turning tool segment 24 (Figure 8). The pinion 129 and collar 131are rotatable with, and slidable lengthwise of, the shaft 125 by a shift fork 132, which is adjustably supported upon said fork rod 128.

The shift pinion 129 is extendable through a suitable bushed opening 133 in the segment 63 for peripheral engagement with the internal gear teeth 44 on the bearing ring 16. Thus, the peripheral speed of the bearing ring 16 is reduced, and transmitted to the drive rod 111 through the shift pinion 129, the shift pinion 126, the idler pinion 117 and the drive pinion 116, or through the shift pinion 124, the dual idler 121, the idler pinion 117 8 and the drive pinion 116. The shift pinions 124 and 126 provide different rotational speeds for the drive rod 111. In this particular embodiment, the shift pinion 124 will move the hones 112 across the surface of the crankpin 15 at an angle of approximately as the machine 19 is rotated. The shift pinion 126 will move said hones 112 across the surface of the crankpin 15 at an angle of approximately 30. Means, not shown, is provided for engaging the external ring gear 69 and thereby rotating the machine 19 about the crankpin 15.

Operation In order to operate the apparatus 10, it is only necessary that the portion of the crankshaft 18, including the crankpin ls and the adjacent crankshaft webs 13 and 14, be accessible and unobstructed radially to a distance sufficient to permit assembly of the adapters 11 and 12 and to provide clearance for the external ring gear 69 as it rotateswith the machine 19. Such clearance will nor-- mally exist within the crankcase of an engine with which my invention is intended to be used. Because the adapters 11 and 12, the centering device 21, the aligning tool 22, and the machine 19 are each preferably comprised of complementary, semi-circular segments, it is normally unnecessary that the ends of the crankshaft 18 be accessible for assembling the apparatus 10 upon the crankshaft. As indicated above, the first step of assembling the apparatus 10, after the crankpin and adjacent crankshaft webs are cleared for such assembly, is to mount the centering chuck 21 upon the crankpin 15 with the centering arms 39 adjacent to one of the crankshaft webs 13 or 14. The adjustment pinion 36 is then turned by means of the shaft 38, thus counter-rotating the rings 28 and 29, until said centering arms 39 engage the periphery of the crankpin 15. The centering arms 39 (Figure 3) are moved toward the axis of the crankpin simultaneously by a counter-rotation of the inner and outer rings 28 and 29, which causes the pins 42 within the slots 41 to move toward the respective pivot points of said centering arms 39. After the adjustment has thus been accomplished, an adapter, here the adapter 11 (Figure 2), is mounted upon the crankshaft web 13 so that the inner surface of its bearing ring 16, which is the ends of the gear teeth 44 in this particular instance, snugly embraces the periphery 53 of the centering chuck 21. The lock studs 23 are then moved radially inwardly through the mounting ring 43 until they engage the periphery of the web 13. The centering chuck 21 is now moved from within the adapter 11 by tightening the pulling bolts 46,

which bear against the interior face of the bearing ring 16. When the centering chuck is clear of said bearing ring 16, it is then separated into segments by removing the bolts 33, reversed in its position upon the crankpin 15, andreassembled adjacent to the interior face of the web 14. The procedure stated hereinabove with respect to the adapter ring 11 is now repeated for assembling the adapter ring 12 upon the crankshaft web 14. After such assembling, the centering chuck 21 is moved away from the adapter 12, as by using the pulling bolts 46, separated into its segments and removed from the crankpin 15.

Even though the adapters 11 and 12 have been centered with respect to the crankpin 15, they still may not be co-axial with respect to each other. For example, one

or both of said adapters may be tilted and, even though said adapters are parallel, such tilting would prevent smooth operation of the machine 19. Thus, the semi-circular shells of the aligning tool 22 are mounted upon the bearing rings 16 and 17 between the adapters 11 and 12, after which they are loosely connected together by means of the bolts through the webs 54. The lock studs 23 are loosened slightly on one or both of the adapters 11 and 12, after which the bolts 55 are securely tightened, thereby forcing said rings 16 and 17 into concentric alignment.

The studs 23 are retightened, the bolts 55 loosened, and

the tool 22 is then removed from the adapterrings ll and 12. The machine 19 is assembled upon, and between, the adapters 11 and 12 by fastening the turning segment 24 to the honing segment 26 so that the segments 61, 62, 63 and 64 snugly and slidably engage the peripheries of the bearing rings 16 and 17, respectively. The shift pinions 97 and 129, which have necessarily been moved interiorly by their respective shift forks 102 and 132, in order that said shift pinions will clear the bearing ring 16, are now ready for shifting exteriorly through their respective bushed openings 99 and 133 for peripheral engagement with the internal gear teeth 44 on said bearing ring 16. Assuming that a turning operation is to be conducted first, the shift fork 102 is then locked in position on the fork rod 103, as by means of the lock bolt 104.

The tool bits 72 on the tool mount 71 are adjusted radially inwardly by the device 73 for proper engagement with the crankpin 15, after which the turning tool unit 25 is ready for operation. Such operation is effected by the rotation of the machine 19 upon, and between, the bearing rings 16 and 17 by any convenient means (not shown) engaging the external ring gear 69. When the turning operation is completed, the crankpin 15 is ready for honing.

The shift pinion 97 is retracted and the shift pinion 129 is moved into position for engaging the drive teeth 44. The homes 112 are positioned in the hone mount 108 so that they will be held in proper contact with the crankpin 15 by the springs 113 (Figure 15). Upon rotation of the drive ring 69 and the gear train driven thereby to rotate the drive shaft 111, the hones will sweep across the surface of the crankpin at a relative angle of 45, if the large shift pinion 124 is engaged with the dual idler 121. The sweep 'will be at an angle of 30 if the small shift pinion 126 is engaged with the idler pinion 121, such engagement being controlled by the shift fork 127.

After the operation upon the crankpin 15 has been satisfactorily completed, the apparatus is removed therefrom by separating each one of its elements, namely, the machine 19 and the adapters 11 and 12, into their semi-circular segments, which operation can be efifected very rapidly by loosening the bolts 58 and the bolts 49. The shift forks 102 and 132 will be released from engagement with their respective fork rods 103 and 128 so that they may move their respective pinions 97 and 129 out of the path of the ring gear 16 before thesegments 24 and 26 of the machine 19 are removed from operating position.

The machine has a great amount of flexibility-in that the cutting tool or the hone may each operate independently of the other, or even simultaneously, as desired, to meet various operating requirements.

It will be recognized that the apparatus 10 can be used, with equal facility, to refinish or to finish initially the crankpin of a crankshaft which has been removed from its engine. Under such circumstances, said apparatus may be used to refinish the crankshaft journals, also, assuming that the proper eccentricity is provided between the machine 19 and the adapter mounting ring 43.

Although a particular, preferred embodiment of my invention has been hereinabove described in detail for illustrative purposes, it will be understood that variations or modifications thereof which lie within the scope of such disclosures are fully contemplated unless specifically stated to the contrary in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Apparatus suppoitable upon a pair of adjacent crankshaft webs for truing the crankpin therebetween, comprising: two circular adapters mountable, respectively, upon said webs, each adapter having an eccentric ring on its inner face, said rings being substantially coaxial and locatable concentric with said crankpin, and one of said rings including an internal gear; a tool housing and means for supporting said housing upon said rings for movement in a circular path around and concentric with said pin; a cutting tool and means supporting same on said housing for linear movement parallel with the axis of said pin; a gear train, including a pinion removably engageable with said internal gear, for effecting said linear movement upon movement of said housing through said circular path; and means for effecting said movement of said housing.

2. Apparatus supportable upon a pair of adjacent crankshaft webs for truing the crankpin therebetween, comprising: two circular adapters mountable, respectively, upon said webs, each adapter being comprised of a pair of complementary, semi-circular segments and having an eccentric ring on its inner face, said rings being substantially coaxial and locatable concentric with said crankpin, and one of said rings including an internal gear; a tool housing having means for supporting said housing upon said rings for movement in a circular path around and concentric with said pin, said housing being split along a plane including the axis of said path; a cutting tool and means supporting same on said housing for linear movement parallel with the axis of said pin; a gear train, including a pinion removably engageable with said internal gear, for effecting said linear movement upon movement of said housing through said circular path; and means for effecting said movement of said housing.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, including a shift member connected to said pinion for selectively engaging said pinion with said internal gear.

4. Apparatus supportable upon a pair of adjacent crankshaft webs for truing the crankpin therebetween, comprising: two circular adapters mountable, respectively, upon said webs, each adapter having an eccentric ring on its inner face, said rings being substantially coaxial and locatable concentric with said crankpin, and one of said rings including an internal gear; a tool housing having means for supporting said housing upon said rings for movement in a circular path around and concentric with said pin; a cutting tool and means supporting same on said housing for linear movement parallel with the axis of said pin; a honing tool and means supporting said honing tool on said housing for movement parallel with said axis; a pair of gear trains, each including a pinion removably engageable with said internal gear, for effecting said linear movement, respectively, of said cutting tool and said honing tool upon movement of said housing through said circular path, and means for effecting said movement of said housing.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, including a shift member connected to each of said pinions for selectively engaging its pinion with said internal gear.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said gear train for said honing tool includes a shaft having said pinion thereon and, also, having a pair of gears thereon which are selectively and alternately connectible to drive said honing tool at two different rates of speed.

7. Apparatus supportable upon a pair of adjacent crankshaft webs for turning and honing the crankpin therebetween, comprising: a pair of circular adapters mountable, respectively, upon said webs, each adapter having an eccentric bearing ring extending from its inner face, and each adapter being comprised of a pair of separable and complementary, semi-circular segments; adjustable means on said adapters for locating said bearing rings concentric with each other and with said crankpin, one of said rings being an internal gear; a circular tool housing having a pair of co-axial, annular flanges extending from opposite axial ends and simultaneously engageable, respectively, with said bearing rings for rotatably supporting said housing, said housing being comprised of a pair of separable and complementary,

semi-circular segments; a cutting tool and means supporting said tool within said housing for reciprocable movement axially of said housing; a honing tool and means supporting said honing tool withinsaid housing for reciprocable movement axially of said housing; a pair of gear trains, each including a pinion removably engageable with said internal gear, for effecting said reciprocable movement, respectively, of said cutting tool and said honing tool upon rotation of said housing; and means for effecting said rotation.

8. Apparatus supportable upon a pair of adjacent crankshaft webs for truing the crankpin therebetween, comprising: two circular adapters adjustably mountable, respectively, upon said webs, each adapter having an eccentric ring on its inner face, said rings being substantially coaxial and locatable concentric with the crankpin, and one of said rings including an internal gear; a tool housing and means for supporting said housing upon said rings for movement in a circular path around, and concentric with, the crankpin; a cutting tool and means supporting same on said housing for reciprocable, linear movement parallel with the axis of the crankpin; a series of interconnected elements, including a pinion removably engageable with said internal gear, for efiecting said linear movement upon movement of said housing through said circular path; and means for etfecting said movement of said housing.

9. Apparatus for centering a tool supporting element on a crankshaft web with respect to a crankpin extending from said web, comprising: a circular adapter encircling said web, said adapter having a bearing ring eccentrically secured thereto and surrounding said cranlc pin; a centering device at least partly received Within said bearing ring, said centering device including a pair of concentric centering rings, the periphery of the outer centering ring being snugly embraceable by said bearing ring; at least three arms pivotally mounted upon said outer centering ring at substantially uniform intervals therearound, said arms being positioned between said web and said centering rings and located within said bearing ring; gear teeth on the periphery of said inner centering ring; a pinion journaled within said outer centering ring and engaging said teeth, whereby said centering rings may be rotated in opposite directions; means on said inner ring for simultaneously pivoting said arms toward, and away from, the center of said centering rings in response to said rotation, the extended ends of said arms being equidistant from the center of said centering rings at all times; and means extending inwardly from said adapter for adjustably securing said adapter on said 1 being snugly embraceable by said bearing ring; at least three arms pivotally mounted upon said outer centering ring at substantially uniform intervals therearound, said arms being positioned between said web and said centering rings and located within said bearing ring; gear teeth on the periphery of said inner centering ring; a pinion journaled within said outer centering ring and engaging said teeth, whereby said centering rings may be rotated in opposite directions; means on said inner ring for simultaneously pivoting said arms toward, and away from, the center of said centering rings in response to said rotation, the extended ends of said arms being equidistant from the center of said centering rings at all times; bars extending outwardly of said outer ring at spaced intervals about the periphery thereof; bolts extending through said bars and contacting the face of said bearing ring, whereby said centering device may be removed from within said bearing ring by threading said bolts throughsaid bars; and lock studs extending inwardly from said adapter into contact with said web, whereby said adapter may be secured to said web with said bearing ring concentric with the axis of said crankpin.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 336,024 Tucker Feb. 9, 1886 464,009 Chase Dec. 1, 1891 1,026,022 Cremen May 14, 1912 1,059,635 Purcell Apr. 22, 1913 1,554,611 Weydell Sept. 22, 1925 1,967,756 Lilleberg July 24, 1934 2,522,084 Baruch Sept. 12, 1950 2,693,066 Berstecher Nov. 2, 1954 2,698,505 Marsh Jan. 4, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 16,533 Germany Jan. 26, 1882 

